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Bennettsbridge Local Area Plan

• Bennettsbridge Draft Local Area Plan - Proposed Amendments

• 1.Introduction
• 2.The Village of Bennettsbridge
• 3.Policy Context
• 4.Local Area Plan Strategy
• 5.Strategic Opportunities for the Village
• 6.Development Parameters and Indicative Framework Plan for New Residential Area
• 7.Development Management Guidelines and Standards
• Appendix 1 Zoning Map

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Section Four

Bennettsbridge: Local Area Plan Strategy

4.1 A Vision for Bennettsbridge

At the outset of the Local Area Plan, a vision for the village of Bennettsbridge has been developed which is closely based on the views and wishes of the local community. The public consultation workshop, school project, stakeholder consultation and written submissions identified a number of issues which are of importance to the local community. A summary of these was outlined in Section 1 of the Plan.

Taking account of the issues identified by the local community, the following encapsulates the vision for Bennettsbridge:

4.2 Future Growth based on the Policy Context

The future growth of the village of Bennettsbridge needs to be strictly guided by the parameters as they are set out in the overall policy context, in particular the Kilkenny County Development Plan 2008-2014, which, in turn, is guided by the policies contained in the National Spatial Strategy and Regional Planning Guidelines for the South-East Region, 2004 (see Section 3 for full policy review).

The LAP, once adopted, will remain in place for a period of 6 years and will need to set out an assessment of the appropriate future growth of the village over this time period and beyond. The key is to provide for sustainable growth that will keep the village viable and prospering whilst not overburdening existing services.

As stated in Section 2.3, the village had a population of 685 in 2006 as recorded by the Census.

In order to maintain the role of Bennettsbridge in the county settlement hierarchy, whilst allowing for a sufficient level of expansion, a population horizon of 1,000 is considered appropriate. Given the objectives from the County Development Plan which are directly applicable to Bennettsbridge (see Section 1.1) and the current population of the village of approximately 700 persons, this population horizon could be achieved over a 10-12 year horizon (for the period of this Local Area Plan and beyond). For the period of this Plan, it is considered appropriate that zoned lands should be provided for a population of up to 200 additional persons (see also Section 4.3.3 below for a detailed rationale).

Such an increase in the local population needs to be achieved in conjunction with the provision of an increase in local employment. The growth of Bennettsbridge in line with these targets would achieve, inter alia, the following key policy objectives in line with the Development Plan:

• a strengthening of the service centre role of Bennettsbridge both in terms of the town proper and its immediate hinterland;

• maintaining the vitality and viability of the existing village and in particular ensuring the sustained provision of existing services, such as schools, shops, sports clubs, etc.;

• the avoidance of unsustainable ribbon development in the adjoining countryside by ensuring the designation of appropriate zoned lands adjacent the existing village and thereby an efficient use of existing and planned service infrastructure.

The land use zoning framework as presented in this Draft Local Area Plan (please see Section 4.3 below) has translated the population horizon as set out above by designating an adequate amount of zoned land in the village which can cater for the anticipated population increase as well as the expansion of the employment base of the village.

The designation of residential lands was particularly guided by objective PS12 of the County Development Plan (as quoted above) by designating lands particularly on infill sites, vacant sites and on backlands.

4.3 Development Boundary and Land Use Zoning Framework

As there was no previous Local Area Plan in place for Bennettsbridge, this Draft LAP has set out both a new development boundary for the village (for the period of the plan) and a land use zoning framework (please see Zoning Map in Appendix I).

4.3.1 Development Boundary

The Development Boundary for the village has been designated taking into consideration a number of factors as set out in the Development Plan Guidelines . When considering specific lands for zoning for development it is important to consider the following factors as outlined in the guidelines to ensure the proper planning and sustainable development of the area:

• Need
• Policy Context
• Capacity of Water, Drainage and Roads Infrastructure
• Supporting Infrastructure and Facilities
• Physical Suitability
• Sequential Approach
• Environmental and Heritage policy, including conservation of habitats and other sensitive areas.

_{Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government (June 2007) “Development Plans – Guidelines for Planning Authorities”.}

In this regard, the development boundary also takes account of factors such as the setting of the village within the surrounding landscape and ‘natural’ boundaries such as the rail line and the river, the need to provide for a compact and accessible built form and the existing built environment and road structure.

The development boundary is delineated on the zoning map (see Appendix I) and relates to the existing built up area of the village and adjoining lands thereby incorporating the village centre, the main existing residential areas and current local employers, namely Glanbia and adjoining sites and the Mosse Mill.

4.3.2 Land Use Zoning

The purpose of zoning is to indicate to property owners and the general public the types of development which the Council considers most appropriate in each land use category. Detailed zoning objectives are provided in Section 7 of the Local Area Plan which also sets out the development management guidelines for new development in the village.

The Land Use Zoning Framework is reflective of existing established uses in the village and designates appropriate amounts of undeveloped land for the provision of new residential areas and areas for existing and future enterprise and industry.

4.3.3 Zoning for New Residential Areas

In line with the population projections and growth scenario set out in Section 4.2 above, the LAP has identified a number of areas for new residential development. The overall need to zone lands for new residential development has been calculated in line with the projected growth and policy context, taking on board the following considerations:

• A total additional population of 200 persons over the lifetime of the plan would equate to an additional 71 households. This is calculated in line with Census 2006 data which indicates an average household occupancy rate for County Kilkenny at 2.88 persons per household.

• The zoning of lands for these additional households is based on an assumed residential density of approx. 20 units to the hectare. This density is in line with current policy provision, particularly those set out for villages under national Planning Guidelines . In particular, it reflects the established patterns of housing development in Bennettsbridge and it ensures that future housing can be of an attractive size and scale.

• It is further acknowledged that this Local Area Plan must provide for a robust development environment. A degree of ‘headroom’ or surplus is required in the lands zoned for development. This headroom takes account of the likely scenario that not all zoned land will be developed and available for occupancy during the term of this Local Area Plan; whilst allowing for the projected growth in population for Bennettsbridge.

_{Department of the Environment and Local Government (1999) Residential Density Guidelines for Planning Authorities; Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government (Dec. 2008) Sustainable Residential Development in Urban Areas - Guidelines for Planning Authorities.}

In line with the population projections as outlined under Section 4.2 and the considerations set out above, a combined area totalling approx. 9 ha has been identified in this LAP to provide for new residential development. In terms of residential units that could be provided, the different landbanks are as follows

• A substantial tract of land (approx. 12 ha, of which approx. 4.5 ha will be used for open space) has been identified to the north of the Gowran Road, adjoining exiting residential areas and the GAA field. This area is subject to a detailed Framework Plan – an indicative Framework Plan is set out in Section 6 of this LAP. The overall area has been divided into two phases. As shown on the indicative Framework Plan, Phase 1 of the development proposal for the lifespan of this LAP will provide for approximately 70 units.

• A small parcel of land to the south of the GAA pitch (approx. 0.45 ha) has been identified for new housing. These lands are owned by the Local Authority. It is estimated that up to 10 new units could be provided here.

• A small parcel of land has been identified adjacent the railway line (approx. 0.5 ha). Given the proximity to the railway line, these lands will be more difficult to develop and an estimated 5 to 10 units could potentially be provided here in accordance with the provisions of the development framework as described in Section 6.3.

• A parcel of land of approx. 0.7 ha to the south of the village has been identified as approximately providing between 8 and 12 new housing units.

4.4 Future Housing Provision

4.4.1 Local Authority and Social/Affordable Housing

A large proportion of the housing stock in Bennettsbridge was developed by the Local Authority. The earliest County Council Development was the “Bull Ring”, dating from the 1940s. Marian Place (built in 1956) and Woodlawn (built in 1971) are more recent examples.

All new private housing developments will be required to comply with the Council’s Housing Strategy and in particular the provisions for social and affordable housing set out therein. All future large scale housing developments shall be subject to detailed negotiations with the Council’s Housing Department regarding the obligations under Part V of the Planning and Development Act 2000 (as amended).

4.5 Future Employment

Employment in Bennettsbridge has traditionally been focussed around a number of key employers such as the Glanbia site and other craft industries. The proximity of the village to Kilkenny city has also meant that a proportion of locals commute to the city for employment.

The crafts industry has more recently expanded in the village. It is of particular importance to Bennettsbridge and this is reflected in the fact that along the Kilkenny Crafts trail, four out of a total of nine crafts retail outlets are located in Bennettsbridge. It is therefore a key policy to retain, strengthen and enhance the crafts base of the village. This will be achieved through a number of objectives, primarily relating to the overall improvements of the physical fabric and attractiveness of the town and new facilities for pedestrians and by making the village an attractive destination for visitors and tourists.

In addition to the crafts industry, employment and industrial land is required to secure the economic position of Bennettsbridge and lands have been zoned accordingly.

4.6 Proposals for Traffic and Transport Improvements

4.6.1 Traffic Congestion and Heavy Goods Vehicles

As stated in Section 2, traffic congestion around the bridge and the predominance of traffic on the Main Street of Bennettsbridge are key issues facing the future viability and attractiveness of the village. Congestion is primarily caused by traffic passing through Bennettsbridge on the R700 and traffic crossing the river. A sharp left turn from the Main Street onto the bridge causes hold ups by turning HGVs and traffic backing down Main Street is a regular occurrence as a result of this.

A key issue and problem identified by the local community is the predominance and amount of HGV traffic passing through the village. This stems primarily from two sources, regional HGV movements and locally generated HGV traffic.

Within the south-east region, HGV traffic is generated by movements of trucks emanating from Rosslare Harbour and heading towards Kilkenny and beyond. The R700 acts as a shortcut from Rosslare via a number of small towns and villages, including Thomastown, Inistioge and Bennettsbridge, which all suffer traffic congestion as a result. More suitable alternative, if somewhat longer, routes exists for these traffic movements. In particular, the upgrade of the N9/M9 national route provides viable opportunities for a re-routing of traffic away from regional roads and towards the more appropriate and better developed national road network (even if this would mean a greater travelling distance for HGV vehicles). However, there is currently no incentive for HGV traffic to avail of these alternative options (or indeed a disincentive to use the R700). The routing of regional HGV traffic therefore needs to be developed on a county wide basis and in consultation with the National Roads Authority.

Locally, HGV traffic is generated from the three quarries located around Bennettsbridge. The movement of these trucks through the town not only causes congestions but also poses a safety hazard for the local community as some of the routes used by the quarry trucks have no footpaths and are generally unsafe for pedestrians. Further to this, there is considerable pollution associated with the quarry trucks, particularly in terms of dust generated on approach roads to the village and the main thoroughfares. While the operation and expansion of the quarries has been assessed under various planning applications (some of these including Environmental Impact Statements), it is proposed that a further investigation study should be carried out in order to ascertain how the HGV movements which are mostly generated by local quarries could be further minimised and additional appropriate traffic management controls be put in place.

4.6.2 Pedestrian Facilities

Footpaths in Bennettsbridge are mostly existent on the Main Road, Gowran road and within the existing residential areas. A pedestrian crossing has recently been installed in front of the Church. However, some of the approach roads to the town have no footpaths and are therefore unsafe for pedestrians. The lack of a footpath on the bridge results in the loss of connection between the east and west sides.

The land use zoning map (see Appendix I) has included a specific objective for the upgrading of footpaths or the instalment of footpaths where upgrades need to be carried out. In addition, Section 6.4 of the LAP sets out specific proposals for the provision of a new pedestrian bridge over the River Nore.

4.6.3 Car Parking

Car parking in the village centre is primarily provided by the car park in front of the school and on street parking outside the church, outside the convenience shop along Gowran Road and on Main Street. It appears that the amount of parking spaces is generally considered appropriate by locals and parking provision only becomes an issue during busy periods such as match days or social occasions centred on the Church.

Despite this, there is some evidence of indiscriminate parking in the village centre, particularly outside the butcher shop and in areas where parking is not formalised by road markings etc.

During GAA matches, the field to the south of the GAA pitch acts as an overflow parking area. During other times this area is often used as an informal playing pitch. This are has now been zoned for new residential use. However, the area is included within the confines of the overall Masterplan for this area. As part of the Masterplan, alternative locations for parking associated with the GAA pitch are identified (please see Section 6 for details).

4.6.4 Roads Objectives

Two new roads objectives are identified on the Land Use Zoning Map (see Appendix I). These are as follows:

Local Access Road between Gowran Road and Ballyredding North As part of the Masterplan for the lands to the north of Gowran Road as outlined in Section 6 of the LAP, it is an objective that a local access road be provided between the Gowran Road and Ballyredding North. This will provide local access to the development lands and GAA pitch. This is indicated on the Zoning Map (Appendix I) and layouts provided in Section 6.

4.6.5 Public Transport

There is currently no public bus service provided from and to Bennettsbridge and this was identified as a major weakness during the stakeholder consultation. In this regard, it will be a key policy of the Plan to investigate the feasibility of a local bus link to Kilkenny city. This shall be carried out in association with Bus Eireann or other private bus operators.

4.7 Provision of Community Facilities

As outlined in Section 2 of the LAP, the consultation exercise carried out as part of the Local Area Plan preparation indicated that the local community felt that the present strengths within the village include the GAA club and its facilities, the soccer pitch, the village hall and the open green space beside the school.

Weaknesses indicated were the lack of a doctor/ health facility, the underdeveloped facilities of the soccer club, the lack of a play ground, the absence of a properly constituted river walkway, the general need for more shops or a small supermarket and the need for an upgraded community hall.

It was further identified during the stakeholder consultation that the graveyard (located to the front of the church in the heart of the village) is nearing capacity and will need to be extended in the near future.

With regard to the educational needs of the village, the Primary School located in Bennettsbridge currently caters for a total of 195 pupils (school year 2008/2009). New enrolment figures for 2009/2010 are ca. 23 pupils and an equal amount of pupils will be leaving the school at that time. School facilities are of a high standard and a new extension for two classrooms has recently been completed. In line with the recommendations as set out in the Code of Practice issued by the Department of Education and Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government , the LAP has calculated the future additional school going population at primary school age to be 24 pupils over the lifespan of the plan should all new residential areas be fully built out. (Primary school going pupils are calculated at 12% of any future population, in this case an additional population of 200 as set out in Section 4.2 above would lead to an anticipated increase of 24 pupils over the next 6 years).

It is an objective of the LAP that future housing development will need to be monitored against the provision of additional spaces in the Local Primary School to avoid an oversubscription resulting from an increase in local housing. In this regard, future housing should not be allowed to continue until capacity constraints in the primary school have been resolved.

The LAP has developed a number of policies which the Council will seek to implement during the lifespan of the Local Area Plan in conjunction with other relevant authorities and the local business community.


₃ ^{Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government and Department of Education Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government (2008) The Provision of Schools and the Planning System – A Code of Practice for Planning Authorities.}

4.8 Open Space and Amenity

The rural setting of Bennettsbridge and its location on the River Nore ensure that the village is embedded in the surrounding countryside which offers ample opportunity for natural amenity and recreation. In addition, there are a number of formalised open spaces in and around the village which are frequently used by the local population. The following sets out different types of Open Space and the value they provide, both as recreational assets and in terms of biodiversity, and sets out relevant policies to further enhance and protect these different areas.

4.8.1 Types of open space

The types of open space in and around Bennettsbridge essentially fall into three categories and can be summarised as follows:

Existing Accessible Open Space These areas are usable and accessible by the public. They are provided in the existing residential areas (such as the green space within the Bull Ring and open space at Hillview and Noreview Heights), the playing pitches (GAA and Soccer) and the green field beside the school. The riverbanks, where accessible, also provide for a passive recreation area. The key objective of this LAP is to retain and enhance these existing areas of open space (and in the case of the playing pitches to relocate and further enhance them). A specific objective will be to provide a playground for small children on the open field beside the school (see also Specific Objective SO6).

Strategic Open Space These areas are not generally accessible by members of the public but still provide a valuable amenity and buffer for the village. These areas primarily comprise of those sections of the riverbanks which are not accessible, the area around the waste water treatment plant and other areas currently in private ownership. These areas should be kept free of development and retained as strategic open space.

New Designated Open Space These are areas which are currently in private ownership or not accessible by the general public but that should in future be open to the public and provide active and passive recreation areas for the local population. These areas comprise of new parks/green spaces to be provided within new residential development, a new proposed linear park along the stream which is a tributary to the Nore and other areas along the river adjacent the Mosse Mill which could provide for a more active recreation space including the provision of walkways and picnic areas and potential mooring points for recreational boat users (such as kayaks and canoes).

The GAA pitch and soccer field have been designated as new open space as improvements for these are linked to the roll-out and delivery of the Framework Plan for the residential lands to the north of Gowran Road (see Section 6).

It will be a specific policy of the LAP to provide for recreational access onto the river banks of the Nore, to provide a new linear park and associated walkway along the stream to the south of the village and to provide for new open space associated with any new residential development and in line with development plan standards and the provision of the Sustainable Residential Development Guidelines. Map 4.1 below shows lands zoned for open space under the zoning framework plan and further breaks these down into the three categories as outlined above.

4.8.2 Recreational Walkways

The need for recreational walks in and around the village for locals and visitors alike was identified as a key issue during the public consultation exercise. In this regard, a number of potential walks have been identified and these are marked as specific objectives on the zoning map (see Appendix I).

Two particular new walkways have been identified in this LAP:

• The first is an upgrade and extension of the existing but little used walkway along the river Nore which is also identified on a county wide level and in the County Crafts Trail. It is an objective to provide for an upgrading of the walk with suitable material and to provide benches and picnic areas along this.

• The second is identified in conjunction with the linear park to be provided along the small stream to the south of the village.

Despite the recognised benefits of recreational walkways, implementation of these in Ireland has been slow when compared to other European countries. A number of legal issues are associated with access across privately owned lands and these will need to be resolved amicably with the relevant landowners.

The Local Authority will in this regard enter into negotiations with the local landowners affected and will reach agreement on a number of ‘ground rules’ to be established in relation to the potential access routes before these are implemented. These ‘ground rules’ need to form a legal agreement and should be guided by the “National Countryside Recreation Strategy” published by the Department of Community, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs in 2004 and the associated “Access Parameters and Countryside Code” document.

4.9 Archaeology and Built Heritage

4.9.1 Archaeology

Section 2.10 provides a detailed overview of the archaeological heritage of Bennettsbridge. In particular, six sites are identified in the Record of Monuments and Places (RMP) located in and adjacent to the village. It is an objective of this plan to protect the archaeological heritage in line with the Framework and Principles for the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage (1999), published by the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government.

Both documents available at http://www.pobail.ie/en/RuralDevelopment/NationalRuralDevelopment/ComhairlenaTuaithe/

All future development in the village which might have an impact on the archaeological heritage needs to have regard to the policies and specifics set out in the Kilkenny County Development Plan, 2008-2011 (in particular policies H78 to H90 of the Plan).

4.9.2 Built Heritage

As part of the preparation of this LAP a comprehensive study of the architectural heritage of Bennettsbridge was carried out. This included a review of the current Record of Protected Structures (RPS) and an Architectural Conservation Area Appraisal. A brief overview of the structures currently on the RPS and surveyed by the NIAH is given in Section 2.10.

In addition to the four structures listed on the RPS, the NIAH survey included another 11 structures giving a total of 15 structures identified by the NIAH as being of architectural, historical, archaeological, artistic, cultural, scientific, technical or social interest within the village of Bennettsbridge. These structures are therefore proposed for inclusion on the RPS for the village.

An additional seven structures which are not currently on the RPS or included on the NIAH survey were identified during a comprehensive survey of the village. They are deemed to comply with the categories of special interest as set out in the ‘The Architectural Heritage Protection Guidelines for Planning Authorities 2004’ (AHPG). They are therefore proposed for inclusion on the RPS for the village.

The following table lists all structures currently included on the Record of Protected Structures, all structure which are listed in the NIAH survey and which are proposed to be included on the RPS and those structure that are not currently listed and not included in the NIAH survey but which are proposed for inclusion on the RPS.

Name of Structure	Type	RPS Number	NIAH Number	Proposed Structure	Category of Special Interest
	Bridge	N/A	12312001		Architectural, Historical, Technical, Social
	Vent Pipe	N/A	N/A	BB001	Technical, Social
	House	N/A	N/A	BB002	Architectural
Bennettsbridge National School	Former School	N/A	12312002		Architectural, Social
The Corner House	Pub/ House	N/A		BB003	Architectural
	House	N/A	12312009		Architectural
Larkin & Associates	House	N/A	12312008		Architectural
Kells Wholemeal	Mill	D113	12312007		Architectural, Technical
	House	N/A	N/A	BB004
Bennettsbridge Garda Siochana Station	Garda Station	C21	12312006		Architectural, Historical, Social
	Pump	N/A	N/A	BB005	Technical, Social
	Bridge	C18	123120010		Architectural, Technical
	Bridge	N/A	123120014		Architectural, Technical
	Weir	N/A	N/A	BB006	Technical
Nicholas Mosse	Former Mill	C19	123120011		Architectural, Technical
	Boundary Wall & Style	N/A	N/A	BB007	Technical
	Paving	N/A	123120015		Technical
Kilkenny House	House	N/A	123120013		Architectural, Historical, Social
Bennettsbridge Lodge	House	N/A	123120012		Architectural
	Railway Bridge	N/A	12312005		Architectural, Historical, Technical, Social

4.9.3 Architectural Conservation Area

The centre of Bennettsbridge has been proposed to be designated an Architectural Conservation Area (ACA). This will enhance and ensure the protection of the character and the historic core of the village. Guidance for addressing the management of the ACA and policies in relation to its conservation and protection are outlined in a separate document Bennettsbridge Architectural Conservation Area Appraisal and RPS Review.

This document is included in Appendix 3 of the report and contains both the details and policies in relation to the Architectural Conservation Area as well as the full review of Protected Structures.



Map 4.3 below summaries the structures currently on the RPS and those which are proposed for inclusion on the RPS. It also outlines the proposed ACA boundary (for full scale Map see Appendix I).

Map 4.3 Architectural Conservation Area and Architectural Heritage

Protected Structures and View of Main Street ACA

4.10 Natural Heritage, Landscape and Biodiversity

4.10.1 Landscape Characterisation

The County Development Plan provides for a landscape character assessment of the county. The village of Bennettsbridge is located within an area characterised as ‘Lowland Area’, whereas those areas associated with the Nore river are characterised as ‘River Valley’. In this regard, it is a policy of the LAP that any future development within Bennettsbridge will need to have full regard to the policies set out in the County Development Plan and Landscape Character Assessment document. While it is recognised that the area is a ‘working landscape’, it will be a particular objective of the LAP to minimise any visual impact of future development on the setting and visual quality of the landscape. In particular, the siting and design of taller buildings will need to be carefully assessed in this regard.

4.10.2 The River Nore

The River Nore is a candidate Special Area of Conservation (cSAC) (Site Code 002162). As such, the river and associated floodplains have been designated as Open Space under this Local Area Plan and will need to be kept free of any development and the integrity of the cSAC will need to be safeguarded.

4.10.3 Views and Prospects

There are a number of views and prospects around the village of Bennettsbridge which are worthy of protection. In this regard, the Natural Heritage Protection Map (see Appendix I) has identified a number of views and prospects of high amenity value. Views shall be protected, however, this shall not give rise to prohibition on proposed development but rather to provide for design and scale of new development to minimise visual impact and to not seriously hinder or obstruct these views.

4.10.4 Woodlands, Trees and Hedgerows

Woodlands, trees and hedgerows provide important wildlife habitats as well as contributing significantly to the character, setting and amenity of Bennettsbridge. They are a great landscape resource. There are a number of areas of mature trees which have been identified on the Natural Heritage Protection Map (see Appendix I). In addition to their obvious benefits in terms of biodiversity, the basis for protecting these areas can be summarised as follows:

• The line of mature trees along the banks of the River Nore add to the visual amenity of the river corridor and the setting of the historic bridge and Mill structures.
• The mature trees leading along Annamult Road to Mosse Mill in conjunction with the boundary wall and style to be protected provide for a scenic ‘avenue’-type approach to the historic Mill building
• The trees and shrubbery adjacent the stream where a walkway is proposed add to the setting and character of the area and could be successfully built into any future layouts for the proposed linear park and walkway.
• The small woodland to the south of the Garda station along the Main Street provides for an established wooded area which also shelters adjoining residents from any potential nuisance of the existing and proposed waste water treatment plants.

4.10.5 Biodiversity

Biodiversity refers to the diversity of ecosystems, individual species of flora and fauna and also genetic diversity. It is an objective of Kilkenny County Council to prepare a county wide Bio-Diversity Plan. The CDP sets out policies in relation to the protection of natural heritage and biodiversity which should be adhered to (see Chapter 8 of the Development Plan).

Riverscapes

4.11 Proposals for Water Services and Utilities

4.11.1 Water Supply

The existing water supply for Bennettsbridge village is part of the wider Bennettsbridge Regional Water Supply Scheme (RWSS). A preliminary report was carried out by RPS Consulting Engineers for Kilkenny County Council outlining the present condition and proposed improvements to the Bennettsbridge RWSS.

The report identified the need to upgrade the water supply scheme in light of anticipated population growth and in particular to address the high levels of Unaccounted For Water (UFW). In this regard a policy of the Council to provide for an upgrading of the existing system to cater for anticipated population growth (both in Bennettsbridge and the RWSS area) and to investigate the sourcing of new and water supply sources and associated treatment of water to cater for the existing and anticipated population growth.

In general terms, the issue of water conservation has come to prominence in new and existing developments. In this regard, it is a policy of the Council that all future developments must have regard to the need to conserve water.

4.11.2 Waste Water Treatment

A primary water treatment plant is currently in operation just north of the Garda Barracks. The majority of the village is served by this system and the existing sewerage network drains to this facility. The system currently only provides primary treatment (screening grit chamber, septic tank and sludge drying beds). Effluent from the treatment plant is discharged into the River Nore, upstream of the Weir and Mosse Mill.

An upgrade of the existing system has been approved which will provide for the proper treatment of all sewage to high standards. The treatment system will provide for the treatment of waste water from a population equivalent to 1,953 persons.

4.11.3 Surface Water Drainage

It is an objective that all future developments in the LAP area shall ensure the sustainable management of surface water runoff in line with best current practice. In particular, it is an objective of Kilkenny County Council that that all future developments incorporate ‘Sustainable Drainage Systems’ (SuDS) as part of development proposals to reduce the rate and quantity of runoff.

All surface water drainage shall be in accordance with the requirements of the Kilkenny County Development Plan, 2008-2014 (particularly Section 9.12.4)

• Further guidance in respect of SUDS philosophy is provided in the following CIRIA Publications:
• Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems-Design Manual for Scotland and Northern Ireland;
• Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems-Best Practice Manual;
• Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems-Best Practice Manual and Drainage of Development Sites-A Guide,
• The SuDS Manual (C697)

5 www.ciria.org

4.12 Flooding and Flood Risk

The River Nore is susceptible to flooding on a regular basis. The Office of Public Works provide some data in terms of flood events and flood areas. However, no detailed up-to date data has of yet been collated for Bennettsbridge.

Notwithstanding this, Map 4.4 below details data currently available from the OPW’s website as part of the National Flood Hazard Mapping. In particular areas to either side of the river which are defined as being identified under the “Benefiting Land Maps”. This refers to a dataset prepared by the Office of Public Works identifying land that might benefit from the implementation of Arterial (Major) Drainage Schemes (under the Arterial Drainage Act 1945) and indicating areas of land subject to flooding or poor drainage.

This gives an approximate estimation of the extent of the floodplain at Bennettsbridge. The lands thus identified have been zoned as ‘Open Space’ under the Zoning and Land Use Map (Appendix I). These lands also largely correspond to the area identified as a candidate Special Area of Conservation under the EU Habitats Directive. In this regard, it is a policy of the LAP to keep this area free from all inappropriate development and to assess development in line with the recently published Draft Guidelines on Flood Risk Management .

4.13 Renewable Energy

It is considered that the most appropriate opportunity for renewable energy generation in Bennettsbridge is that of small scale hydro energy. The location of Bennettsbridge prevents substantial wind energy developments taking place as outlined in the County Development Plan (Section 9.8.3.3) and Wind Energy Study commissioned by the Council.

Notwithstanding this, it should be noted that the recently adopted Planning and Development Regulations 2008 (S.I. No. 235 of 2008) give effect to new exempted development provisions in respect of renewable technologies for industrial buildings, business premises and agricultural holdings. The Regulations provide exemptions for wind turbines, met masts, combined heat and power (CHP) plants, solar panels and biomass boiler units, subject to certain conditions, across each of the sectors.

Section 6 of the Local Area Plan provides standards for residential development in terms of sustainable design and building methods.

4.13.1 Hydro Power

The rich heritage of Mill buildings in County Kilkenny and the presence of two working mills in the village of Bennettsbridge are testament to the importance of hydro-power in the county over the centuries. Kilkenny County Council welcomes the possibilities of hydro-power generation from the existing mills, weir and associated structures subject to amenity considerations and current accommodation capacities of the national grid.

Any future hydro-energy schemes will need to show best practice in relation to impact on amenity or indigenous fish population, including seasonal migration. In this regard guidelines prepared by the Central and Regional Fisheries Board and the Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources shall be consulted .

4.14 Waste Management and Recycling

It is an objective of this Plan that all future development should seek to minimise waste through reduction, re-use and recycling. Waste management and disposal shall be considered as part of the construction process and in the operation of the development when completed.

4.14.1 Construction Waste

Construction-related waste accounts for about one-third of total land filled waste in Ireland. It is therefore an objective of the Local Area Plan to minimise construction waste for all new development. During the construction process measures should be implemented to minimise soil removal (as part of the scheme design process), properly manage construction waste and encourage off-site prefabrication of building elements where feasible.

4.14.2 Domestic Waste

Everyday domestic waste produced by future residents and businesses shall be minimised through reduction, re-use and recycling. All new development shall provide for waste separation facilities, recycling banks and compost units.

Waste Management Objectives:

WM1 During the construction process measures should be implemented to minimise soil removal (as part of the scheme design process), properly manage construction waste and encourage off-site prefabrication where feasible.

WM2 All new developments in the Local Area Plan lands shall provide for domestic waste separation facilities, recycling banks and compost units.

4.15 Specific Local Objectives

The Land Use and Zoning Map provides for a number of Specific Local Objectives which need to be taken into consideration in the future planning and development of Bennettsbridge. These are as follows:

SO1 Any future residential development in this area needs to be subject to detailed flood risk assessment carried out by a suitably qualified engineer. New housing in this area shall be of very low density and shall not be in excess of 3 units in total.

SO2 To provide for a new children’s playground in a suitable location.

SO3 To provide for a new linear park along the existing stream and on the fields either side of the stream (as per the Open Space Zoning).

SO4 Any new housing development on these lands shall address the existing stream and proposed new linear park to give passive supervision to the park and in the interest of good design to provide for an ‘urban edge’ to the park.

SO5 To provide an upgrade of the existing sewage treatment plant to a new specification as a Secondary Treatment Plant with a ca. 2,000 Population Equivalent.

SO6 To provide for a new picnic area in this approximate location in line with the upgrades to be carried out to the river walkway.

SO7 It is a policy of Kilkenny County Council that improved pedestrian facilities shall be provided over the river Nore at Bennettsbridge. Any such proposal will need to have full regard to the status of the existing bridge which is a Protected Structure, the cSAC status of the River Nore and the designation of the overall area as an Architectural Conservation Area.

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Section Four

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Bennettsbridge: Local Area Plan Strategy

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4.1 A Vision for Bennettsbridge

At the outset of the Local Area Plan, a vision for the village of Bennettsbridge has been developed which is closely based on the views and wishes of the local community. The public consultation workshop, school project, stakeholder consultation and written submissions identified a number of issues which are of importance to the local community. A summary of these was outlined in Section 1 of the Plan.

Taking account of the issues identified by the local community, the following encapsulates the vision for Bennettsbridge:




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4.2 Future Growth based on the Policy Context

The future growth of the village of Bennettsbridge needs to be strictly guided by the parameters as they are set out in the overall policy context, in particular the Kilkenny County Development Plan 2008-2014, which, in turn, is guided by the policies contained in the National Spatial Strategy and Regional Planning Guidelines for the South-East Region, 2004 (see Section 3 for full policy review).

The LAP, once adopted, will remain in place for a period of 6 years and will need to set out an assessment of the appropriate future growth of the village over this time period and beyond. The key is to provide for sustainable growth that will keep the village viable and prospering whilst not overburdening existing services.

As stated in Section 2.3, the village had a population of 685 in 2006 as recorded by the Census.

In order to maintain the role of Bennettsbridge in the county settlement hierarchy, whilst allowing for a sufficient level of expansion, a population horizon of 1,000 is considered appropriate. Given the objectives from the County Development Plan which are directly applicable to Bennettsbridge (see Section 1.1) and the current population of the village of approximately 700 persons, this population horizon could be achieved over a 10-12 year horizon (for the period of this Local Area Plan and beyond). For the period of this Plan, it is considered appropriate that zoned lands should be provided for a population of up to 200 additional persons (see also Section 4.3.3 below for a detailed rationale).

Such an increase in the local population needs to be achieved in conjunction with the provision of an increase in local employment. The growth of Bennettsbridge in line with these targets would achieve, inter alia, the following key policy objectives in line with the Development Plan:

• a strengthening of the service centre role of Bennettsbridge both in terms of the town proper and its immediate hinterland;

• maintaining the vitality and viability of the existing village and in particular ensuring the sustained provision of existing services, such as schools, shops, sports clubs, etc.;

• the avoidance of unsustainable ribbon development in the adjoining countryside by ensuring the designation of appropriate zoned lands adjacent the existing village and thereby an efficient use of existing and planned service infrastructure.

The land use zoning framework as presented in this Draft Local Area Plan (please see Section 4.3 below) has translated the population horizon as set out above by designating an adequate amount of zoned land in the village which can cater for the anticipated population increase as well as the expansion of the employment base of the village.

The designation of residential lands was particularly guided by objective PS12 of the County Development Plan (as quoted above) by designating lands particularly on infill sites, vacant sites and on backlands.



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4.3 Development Boundary and Land Use Zoning Framework

As there was no previous Local Area Plan in place for Bennettsbridge, this Draft LAP has set out both a new development boundary for the village (for the period of the plan) and a land use zoning framework (please see Zoning Map in Appendix I).

4.3.1 Development Boundary

The Development Boundary for the village has been designated taking into consideration a number of factors as set out in the Development Plan Guidelines . When considering specific lands for zoning for development it is important to consider the following factors as outlined in the guidelines to ensure the proper planning and sustainable development of the area:

• Need
• Policy Context
• Capacity of Water, Drainage and Roads Infrastructure
• Supporting Infrastructure and Facilities
• Physical Suitability
• Sequential Approach
• Environmental and Heritage policy, including conservation of habitats and other sensitive areas.

_{Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government (June 2007) “Development Plans – Guidelines for Planning Authorities”.}

In this regard, the development boundary also takes account of factors such as the setting of the village within the surrounding landscape and ‘natural’ boundaries such as the rail line and the river, the need to provide for a compact and accessible built form and the existing built environment and road structure.

The development boundary is delineated on the zoning map (see Appendix I) and relates to the existing built up area of the village and adjoining lands thereby incorporating the village centre, the main existing residential areas and current local employers, namely Glanbia and adjoining sites and the Mosse Mill.

4.3.2 Land Use Zoning

The purpose of zoning is to indicate to property owners and the general public the types of development which the Council considers most appropriate in each land use category. Detailed zoning objectives are provided in Section 7 of the Local Area Plan which also sets out the development management guidelines for new development in the village.

The Land Use Zoning Framework is reflective of existing established uses in the village and designates appropriate amounts of undeveloped land for the provision of new residential areas and areas for existing and future enterprise and industry.

4.3.3 Zoning for New Residential Areas

In line with the population projections and growth scenario set out in Section 4.2 above, the LAP has identified a number of areas for new residential development. The overall need to zone lands for new residential development has been calculated in line with the projected growth and policy context, taking on board the following considerations:

• A total additional population of 200 persons over the lifetime of the plan would equate to an additional 71 households. This is calculated in line with Census 2006 data which indicates an average household occupancy rate for County Kilkenny at 2.88 persons per household.

• The zoning of lands for these additional households is based on an assumed residential density of approx. 20 units to the hectare. This density is in line with current policy provision, particularly those set out for villages under national Planning Guidelines . In particular, it reflects the established patterns of housing development in Bennettsbridge and it ensures that future housing can be of an attractive size and scale.

• It is further acknowledged that this Local Area Plan must provide for a robust development environment. A degree of ‘headroom’ or surplus is required in the lands zoned for development. This headroom takes account of the likely scenario that not all zoned land will be developed and available for occupancy during the term of this Local Area Plan; whilst allowing for the projected growth in population for Bennettsbridge.

_{Department of the Environment and Local Government (1999) Residential Density Guidelines for Planning Authorities; Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government (Dec. 2008) Sustainable Residential Development in Urban Areas - Guidelines for Planning Authorities.}

In line with the population projections as outlined under Section 4.2 and the considerations set out above, a combined area totalling approx. 9 ha has been identified in this LAP to provide for new residential development. In terms of residential units that could be provided, the different landbanks are as follows

• A substantial tract of land (approx. 12 ha, of which approx. 4.5 ha will be used for open space) has been identified to the north of the Gowran Road, adjoining exiting residential areas and the GAA field. This area is subject to a detailed Framework Plan – an indicative Framework Plan is set out in Section 6 of this LAP. The overall area has been divided into two phases. As shown on the indicative Framework Plan, Phase 1 of the development proposal for the lifespan of this LAP will provide for approximately 70 units.

• A small parcel of land to the south of the GAA pitch (approx. 0.45 ha) has been identified for new housing. These lands are owned by the Local Authority. It is estimated that up to 10 new units could be provided here.

• A small parcel of land has been identified adjacent the railway line (approx. 0.5 ha). Given the proximity to the railway line, these lands will be more difficult to develop and an estimated 5 to 10 units could potentially be provided here in accordance with the provisions of the development framework as described in Section 6.3.

• A parcel of land of approx. 0.7 ha to the south of the village has been identified as approximately providing between 8 and 12 new housing units.

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4.4 Future Housing Provision

4.4.1 Local Authority and Social/Affordable Housing

A large proportion of the housing stock in Bennettsbridge was developed by the Local Authority. The earliest County Council Development was the “Bull Ring”, dating from the 1940s. Marian Place (built in 1956) and Woodlawn (built in 1971) are more recent examples.

All new private housing developments will be required to comply with the Council’s Housing Strategy and in particular the provisions for social and affordable housing set out therein. All future large scale housing developments shall be subject to detailed negotiations with the Council’s Housing Department regarding the obligations under Part V of the Planning and Development Act 2000 (as amended).




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4.5 Future Employment

Employment in Bennettsbridge has traditionally been focussed around a number of key employers such as the Glanbia site and other craft industries. The proximity of the village to Kilkenny city has also meant that a proportion of locals commute to the city for employment.

The crafts industry has more recently expanded in the village. It is of particular importance to Bennettsbridge and this is reflected in the fact that along the Kilkenny Crafts trail, four out of a total of nine crafts retail outlets are located in Bennettsbridge. It is therefore a key policy to retain, strengthen and enhance the crafts base of the village. This will be achieved through a number of objectives, primarily relating to the overall improvements of the physical fabric and attractiveness of the town and new facilities for pedestrians and by making the village an attractive destination for visitors and tourists.

In addition to the crafts industry, employment and industrial land is required to secure the economic position of Bennettsbridge and lands have been zoned accordingly.




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4.6 Proposals for Traffic and Transport Improvements

4.6.1 Traffic Congestion and Heavy Goods Vehicles

As stated in Section 2, traffic congestion around the bridge and the predominance of traffic on the Main Street of Bennettsbridge are key issues facing the future viability and attractiveness of the village. Congestion is primarily caused by traffic passing through Bennettsbridge on the R700 and traffic crossing the river. A sharp left turn from the Main Street onto the bridge causes hold ups by turning HGVs and traffic backing down Main Street is a regular occurrence as a result of this.

A key issue and problem identified by the local community is the predominance and amount of HGV traffic passing through the village. This stems primarily from two sources, regional HGV movements and locally generated HGV traffic.

Within the south-east region, HGV traffic is generated by movements of trucks emanating from Rosslare Harbour and heading towards Kilkenny and beyond. The R700 acts as a shortcut from Rosslare via a number of small towns and villages, including Thomastown, Inistioge and Bennettsbridge, which all suffer traffic congestion as a result. More suitable alternative, if somewhat longer, routes exists for these traffic movements. In particular, the upgrade of the N9/M9 national route provides viable opportunities for a re-routing of traffic away from regional roads and towards the more appropriate and better developed national road network (even if this would mean a greater travelling distance for HGV vehicles). However, there is currently no incentive for HGV traffic to avail of these alternative options (or indeed a disincentive to use the R700). The routing of regional HGV traffic therefore needs to be developed on a county wide basis and in consultation with the National Roads Authority.

Locally, HGV traffic is generated from the three quarries located around Bennettsbridge. The movement of these trucks through the town not only causes congestions but also poses a safety hazard for the local community as some of the routes used by the quarry trucks have no footpaths and are generally unsafe for pedestrians. Further to this, there is considerable pollution associated with the quarry trucks, particularly in terms of dust generated on approach roads to the village and the main thoroughfares. While the operation and expansion of the quarries has been assessed under various planning applications (some of these including Environmental Impact Statements), it is proposed that a further investigation study should be carried out in order to ascertain how the HGV movements which are mostly generated by local quarries could be further minimised and additional appropriate traffic management controls be put in place.

4.6.2 Pedestrian Facilities

Footpaths in Bennettsbridge are mostly existent on the Main Road, Gowran road and within the existing residential areas. A pedestrian crossing has recently been installed in front of the Church. However, some of the approach roads to the town have no footpaths and are therefore unsafe for pedestrians. The lack of a footpath on the bridge results in the loss of connection between the east and west sides.

The land use zoning map (see Appendix I) has included a specific objective for the upgrading of footpaths or the instalment of footpaths where upgrades need to be carried out. In addition, Section 6.4 of the LAP sets out specific proposals for the provision of a new pedestrian bridge over the River Nore.

4.6.3 Car Parking

Car parking in the village centre is primarily provided by the car park in front of the school and on street parking outside the church, outside the convenience shop along Gowran Road and on Main Street. It appears that the amount of parking spaces is generally considered appropriate by locals and parking provision only becomes an issue during busy periods such as match days or social occasions centred on the Church.

Despite this, there is some evidence of indiscriminate parking in the village centre, particularly outside the butcher shop and in areas where parking is not formalised by road markings etc.

During GAA matches, the field to the south of the GAA pitch acts as an overflow parking area. During other times this area is often used as an informal playing pitch. This are has now been zoned for new residential use. However, the area is included within the confines of the overall Masterplan for this area. As part of the Masterplan, alternative locations for parking associated with the GAA pitch are identified (please see Section 6 for details).

4.6.4 Roads Objectives

Two new roads objectives are identified on the Land Use Zoning Map (see Appendix I). These are as follows:

Local Access Road between Gowran Road and Ballyredding North As part of the Masterplan for the lands to the north of Gowran Road as outlined in Section 6 of the LAP, it is an objective that a local access road be provided between the Gowran Road and Ballyredding North. This will provide local access to the development lands and GAA pitch. This is indicated on the Zoning Map (Appendix I) and layouts provided in Section 6.

4.6.5 Public Transport

There is currently no public bus service provided from and to Bennettsbridge and this was identified as a major weakness during the stakeholder consultation. In this regard, it will be a key policy of the Plan to investigate the feasibility of a local bus link to Kilkenny city. This shall be carried out in association with Bus Eireann or other private bus operators.




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4.7 Provision of Community Facilities

As outlined in Section 2 of the LAP, the consultation exercise carried out as part of the Local Area Plan preparation indicated that the local community felt that the present strengths within the village include the GAA club and its facilities, the soccer pitch, the village hall and the open green space beside the school.

Weaknesses indicated were the lack of a doctor/ health facility, the underdeveloped facilities of the soccer club, the lack of a play ground, the absence of a properly constituted river walkway, the general need for more shops or a small supermarket and the need for an upgraded community hall.

It was further identified during the stakeholder consultation that the graveyard (located to the front of the church in the heart of the village) is nearing capacity and will need to be extended in the near future.

With regard to the educational needs of the village, the Primary School located in Bennettsbridge currently caters for a total of 195 pupils (school year 2008/2009). New enrolment figures for 2009/2010 are ca. 23 pupils and an equal amount of pupils will be leaving the school at that time. School facilities are of a high standard and a new extension for two classrooms has recently been completed. In line with the recommendations as set out in the Code of Practice issued by the Department of Education and Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government , the LAP has calculated the future additional school going population at primary school age to be 24 pupils over the lifespan of the plan should all new residential areas be fully built out. (Primary school going pupils are calculated at 12% of any future population, in this case an additional population of 200 as set out in Section 4.2 above would lead to an anticipated increase of 24 pupils over the next 6 years).

It is an objective of the LAP that future housing development will need to be monitored against the provision of additional spaces in the Local Primary School to avoid an oversubscription resulting from an increase in local housing. In this regard, future housing should not be allowed to continue until capacity constraints in the primary school have been resolved.

The LAP has developed a number of policies which the Council will seek to implement during the lifespan of the Local Area Plan in conjunction with other relevant authorities and the local business community.


₃ ^{Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government and Department of Education Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government (2008) The Provision of Schools and the Planning System – A Code of Practice for Planning Authorities.}



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4.8 Open Space and Amenity

The rural setting of Bennettsbridge and its location on the River Nore ensure that the village is embedded in the surrounding countryside which offers ample opportunity for natural amenity and recreation. In addition, there are a number of formalised open spaces in and around the village which are frequently used by the local population. The following sets out different types of Open Space and the value they provide, both as recreational assets and in terms of biodiversity, and sets out relevant policies to further enhance and protect these different areas.

4.8.1 Types of open space

The types of open space in and around Bennettsbridge essentially fall into three categories and can be summarised as follows:

Existing Accessible Open Space These areas are usable and accessible by the public. They are provided in the existing residential areas (such as the green space within the Bull Ring and open space at Hillview and Noreview Heights), the playing pitches (GAA and Soccer) and the green field beside the school. The riverbanks, where accessible, also provide for a passive recreation area. The key objective of this LAP is to retain and enhance these existing areas of open space (and in the case of the playing pitches to relocate and further enhance them). A specific objective will be to provide a playground for small children on the open field beside the school (see also Specific Objective SO6).

Strategic Open Space These areas are not generally accessible by members of the public but still provide a valuable amenity and buffer for the village. These areas primarily comprise of those sections of the riverbanks which are not accessible, the area around the waste water treatment plant and other areas currently in private ownership. These areas should be kept free of development and retained as strategic open space.

New Designated Open Space These are areas which are currently in private ownership or not accessible by the general public but that should in future be open to the public and provide active and passive recreation areas for the local population. These areas comprise of new parks/green spaces to be provided within new residential development, a new proposed linear park along the stream which is a tributary to the Nore and other areas along the river adjacent the Mosse Mill which could provide for a more active recreation space including the provision of walkways and picnic areas and potential mooring points for recreational boat users (such as kayaks and canoes).

The GAA pitch and soccer field have been designated as new open space as improvements for these are linked to the roll-out and delivery of the Framework Plan for the residential lands to the north of Gowran Road (see Section 6).

It will be a specific policy of the LAP to provide for recreational access onto the river banks of the Nore, to provide a new linear park and associated walkway along the stream to the south of the village and to provide for new open space associated with any new residential development and in line with development plan standards and the provision of the Sustainable Residential Development Guidelines. Map 4.1 below shows lands zoned for open space under the zoning framework plan and further breaks these down into the three categories as outlined above.

4.8.2 Recreational Walkways

The need for recreational walks in and around the village for locals and visitors alike was identified as a key issue during the public consultation exercise. In this regard, a number of potential walks have been identified and these are marked as specific objectives on the zoning map (see Appendix I).

Two particular new walkways have been identified in this LAP:

• The first is an upgrade and extension of the existing but little used walkway along the river Nore which is also identified on a county wide level and in the County Crafts Trail. It is an objective to provide for an upgrading of the walk with suitable material and to provide benches and picnic areas along this.

• The second is identified in conjunction with the linear park to be provided along the small stream to the south of the village.

Despite the recognised benefits of recreational walkways, implementation of these in Ireland has been slow when compared to other European countries. A number of legal issues are associated with access across privately owned lands and these will need to be resolved amicably with the relevant landowners.

The Local Authority will in this regard enter into negotiations with the local landowners affected and will reach agreement on a number of ‘ground rules’ to be established in relation to the potential access routes before these are implemented. These ‘ground rules’ need to form a legal agreement and should be guided by the “National Countryside Recreation Strategy” published by the Department of Community, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs in 2004 and the associated “Access Parameters and Countryside Code” document.




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4.9 Archaeology and Built Heritage

4.9.1 Archaeology

Section 2.10 provides a detailed overview of the archaeological heritage of Bennettsbridge. In particular, six sites are identified in the Record of Monuments and Places (RMP) located in and adjacent to the village. It is an objective of this plan to protect the archaeological heritage in line with the Framework and Principles for the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage (1999), published by the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government.

Both documents available at http://www.pobail.ie/en/RuralDevelopment/NationalRuralDevelopment/ComhairlenaTuaithe/

All future development in the village which might have an impact on the archaeological heritage needs to have regard to the policies and specifics set out in the Kilkenny County Development Plan, 2008-2011 (in particular policies H78 to H90 of the Plan).

4.9.2 Built Heritage

As part of the preparation of this LAP a comprehensive study of the architectural heritage of Bennettsbridge was carried out. This included a review of the current Record of Protected Structures (RPS) and an Architectural Conservation Area Appraisal. A brief overview of the structures currently on the RPS and surveyed by the NIAH is given in Section 2.10.

In addition to the four structures listed on the RPS, the NIAH survey included another 11 structures giving a total of 15 structures identified by the NIAH as being of architectural, historical, archaeological, artistic, cultural, scientific, technical or social interest within the village of Bennettsbridge. These structures are therefore proposed for inclusion on the RPS for the village.

An additional seven structures which are not currently on the RPS or included on the NIAH survey were identified during a comprehensive survey of the village. They are deemed to comply with the categories of special interest as set out in the ‘The Architectural Heritage Protection Guidelines for Planning Authorities 2004’ (AHPG). They are therefore proposed for inclusion on the RPS for the village.

The following table lists all structures currently included on the Record of Protected Structures, all structure which are listed in the NIAH survey and which are proposed to be included on the RPS and those structure that are not currently listed and not included in the NIAH survey but which are proposed for inclusion on the RPS.

Name of Structure	Type	RPS Number	NIAH Number	Proposed Structure	Category of Special Interest
	Bridge	N/A	12312001		Architectural, Historical, Technical, Social
	Vent Pipe	N/A	N/A	BB001	Technical, Social
	House	N/A	N/A	BB002	Architectural
Bennettsbridge National School	Former School	N/A	12312002		Architectural, Social
The Corner House	Pub/ House	N/A		BB003	Architectural
	House	N/A	12312009		Architectural
Larkin & Associates	House	N/A	12312008		Architectural
Kells Wholemeal	Mill	D113	12312007		Architectural, Technical
	House	N/A	N/A	BB004
Bennettsbridge Garda Siochana Station	Garda Station	C21	12312006		Architectural, Historical, Social
	Pump	N/A	N/A	BB005	Technical, Social
	Bridge	C18	123120010		Architectural, Technical
	Bridge	N/A	123120014		Architectural, Technical
	Weir	N/A	N/A	BB006	Technical
Nicholas Mosse	Former Mill	C19	123120011		Architectural, Technical
	Boundary Wall & Style	N/A	N/A	BB007	Technical
	Paving	N/A	123120015		Technical
Kilkenny House	House	N/A	123120013		Architectural, Historical, Social
Bennettsbridge Lodge	House	N/A	123120012		Architectural
	Railway Bridge	N/A	12312005		Architectural, Historical, Technical, Social

4.9.3 Architectural Conservation Area

The centre of Bennettsbridge has been proposed to be designated an Architectural Conservation Area (ACA). This will enhance and ensure the protection of the character and the historic core of the village. Guidance for addressing the management of the ACA and policies in relation to its conservation and protection are outlined in a separate document Bennettsbridge Architectural Conservation Area Appraisal and RPS Review.

This document is included in Appendix 3 of the report and contains both the details and policies in relation to the Architectural Conservation Area as well as the full review of Protected Structures.



Map 4.3 below summaries the structures currently on the RPS and those which are proposed for inclusion on the RPS. It also outlines the proposed ACA boundary (for full scale Map see Appendix I).

Map 4.3 Architectural Conservation Area and Architectural Heritage

Protected Structures and View of Main Street ACA

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4.10 Natural Heritage, Landscape and Biodiversity

4.10.1 Landscape Characterisation

The County Development Plan provides for a landscape character assessment of the county. The village of Bennettsbridge is located within an area characterised as ‘Lowland Area’, whereas those areas associated with the Nore river are characterised as ‘River Valley’. In this regard, it is a policy of the LAP that any future development within Bennettsbridge will need to have full regard to the policies set out in the County Development Plan and Landscape Character Assessment document. While it is recognised that the area is a ‘working landscape’, it will be a particular objective of the LAP to minimise any visual impact of future development on the setting and visual quality of the landscape. In particular, the siting and design of taller buildings will need to be carefully assessed in this regard.

4.10.2 The River Nore

The River Nore is a candidate Special Area of Conservation (cSAC) (Site Code 002162). As such, the river and associated floodplains have been designated as Open Space under this Local Area Plan and will need to be kept free of any development and the integrity of the cSAC will need to be safeguarded.

4.10.3 Views and Prospects

There are a number of views and prospects around the village of Bennettsbridge which are worthy of protection. In this regard, the Natural Heritage Protection Map (see Appendix I) has identified a number of views and prospects of high amenity value. Views shall be protected, however, this shall not give rise to prohibition on proposed development but rather to provide for design and scale of new development to minimise visual impact and to not seriously hinder or obstruct these views.

4.10.4 Woodlands, Trees and Hedgerows

Woodlands, trees and hedgerows provide important wildlife habitats as well as contributing significantly to the character, setting and amenity of Bennettsbridge. They are a great landscape resource. There are a number of areas of mature trees which have been identified on the Natural Heritage Protection Map (see Appendix I). In addition to their obvious benefits in terms of biodiversity, the basis for protecting these areas can be summarised as follows:

• The line of mature trees along the banks of the River Nore add to the visual amenity of the river corridor and the setting of the historic bridge and Mill structures.
• The mature trees leading along Annamult Road to Mosse Mill in conjunction with the boundary wall and style to be protected provide for a scenic ‘avenue’-type approach to the historic Mill building
• The trees and shrubbery adjacent the stream where a walkway is proposed add to the setting and character of the area and could be successfully built into any future layouts for the proposed linear park and walkway.
• The small woodland to the south of the Garda station along the Main Street provides for an established wooded area which also shelters adjoining residents from any potential nuisance of the existing and proposed waste water treatment plants.

4.10.5 Biodiversity

Biodiversity refers to the diversity of ecosystems, individual species of flora and fauna and also genetic diversity. It is an objective of Kilkenny County Council to prepare a county wide Bio-Diversity Plan. The CDP sets out policies in relation to the protection of natural heritage and biodiversity which should be adhered to (see Chapter 8 of the Development Plan).

Riverscapes

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4.11 Proposals for Water Services and Utilities

4.11.1 Water Supply

The existing water supply for Bennettsbridge village is part of the wider Bennettsbridge Regional Water Supply Scheme (RWSS). A preliminary report was carried out by RPS Consulting Engineers for Kilkenny County Council outlining the present condition and proposed improvements to the Bennettsbridge RWSS.

The report identified the need to upgrade the water supply scheme in light of anticipated population growth and in particular to address the high levels of Unaccounted For Water (UFW). In this regard a policy of the Council to provide for an upgrading of the existing system to cater for anticipated population growth (both in Bennettsbridge and the RWSS area) and to investigate the sourcing of new and water supply sources and associated treatment of water to cater for the existing and anticipated population growth.

In general terms, the issue of water conservation has come to prominence in new and existing developments. In this regard, it is a policy of the Council that all future developments must have regard to the need to conserve water.

4.11.2 Waste Water Treatment

A primary water treatment plant is currently in operation just north of the Garda Barracks. The majority of the village is served by this system and the existing sewerage network drains to this facility. The system currently only provides primary treatment (screening grit chamber, septic tank and sludge drying beds). Effluent from the treatment plant is discharged into the River Nore, upstream of the Weir and Mosse Mill.

An upgrade of the existing system has been approved which will provide for the proper treatment of all sewage to high standards. The treatment system will provide for the treatment of waste water from a population equivalent to 1,953 persons.

4.11.3 Surface Water Drainage

It is an objective that all future developments in the LAP area shall ensure the sustainable management of surface water runoff in line with best current practice. In particular, it is an objective of Kilkenny County Council that that all future developments incorporate ‘Sustainable Drainage Systems’ (SuDS) as part of development proposals to reduce the rate and quantity of runoff.

All surface water drainage shall be in accordance with the requirements of the Kilkenny County Development Plan, 2008-2014 (particularly Section 9.12.4)

• Further guidance in respect of SUDS philosophy is provided in the following CIRIA Publications:
• Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems-Design Manual for Scotland and Northern Ireland;
• Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems-Best Practice Manual;
• Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems-Best Practice Manual and Drainage of Development Sites-A Guide,
• The SuDS Manual (C697)

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4.12 Flooding and Flood Risk

The River Nore is susceptible to flooding on a regular basis. The Office of Public Works provide some data in terms of flood events and flood areas. However, no detailed up-to date data has of yet been collated for Bennettsbridge.

Notwithstanding this, Map 4.4 below details data currently available from the OPW’s website as part of the National Flood Hazard Mapping. In particular areas to either side of the river which are defined as being identified under the “Benefiting Land Maps”. This refers to a dataset prepared by the Office of Public Works identifying land that might benefit from the implementation of Arterial (Major) Drainage Schemes (under the Arterial Drainage Act 1945) and indicating areas of land subject to flooding or poor drainage.

This gives an approximate estimation of the extent of the floodplain at Bennettsbridge. The lands thus identified have been zoned as ‘Open Space’ under the Zoning and Land Use Map (Appendix I). These lands also largely correspond to the area identified as a candidate Special Area of Conservation under the EU Habitats Directive. In this regard, it is a policy of the LAP to keep this area free from all inappropriate development and to assess development in line with the recently published Draft Guidelines on Flood Risk Management .



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4.13 Renewable Energy

It is considered that the most appropriate opportunity for renewable energy generation in Bennettsbridge is that of small scale hydro energy. The location of Bennettsbridge prevents substantial wind energy developments taking place as outlined in the County Development Plan (Section 9.8.3.3) and Wind Energy Study commissioned by the Council.

Notwithstanding this, it should be noted that the recently adopted Planning and Development Regulations 2008 (S.I. No. 235 of 2008) give effect to new exempted development provisions in respect of renewable technologies for industrial buildings, business premises and agricultural holdings. The Regulations provide exemptions for wind turbines, met masts, combined heat and power (CHP) plants, solar panels and biomass boiler units, subject to certain conditions, across each of the sectors.

Section 6 of the Local Area Plan provides standards for residential development in terms of sustainable design and building methods.

4.13.1 Hydro Power

The rich heritage of Mill buildings in County Kilkenny and the presence of two working mills in the village of Bennettsbridge are testament to the importance of hydro-power in the county over the centuries. Kilkenny County Council welcomes the possibilities of hydro-power generation from the existing mills, weir and associated structures subject to amenity considerations and current accommodation capacities of the national grid.

Any future hydro-energy schemes will need to show best practice in relation to impact on amenity or indigenous fish population, including seasonal migration. In this regard guidelines prepared by the Central and Regional Fisheries Board and the Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources shall be consulted .



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4.14 Waste Management and Recycling

It is an objective of this Plan that all future development should seek to minimise waste through reduction, re-use and recycling. Waste management and disposal shall be considered as part of the construction process and in the operation of the development when completed.

4.14.1 Construction Waste

Construction-related waste accounts for about one-third of total land filled waste in Ireland. It is therefore an objective of the Local Area Plan to minimise construction waste for all new development. During the construction process measures should be implemented to minimise soil removal (as part of the scheme design process), properly manage construction waste and encourage off-site prefabrication of building elements where feasible.

4.14.2 Domestic Waste

Everyday domestic waste produced by future residents and businesses shall be minimised through reduction, re-use and recycling. All new development shall provide for waste separation facilities, recycling banks and compost units.

Waste Management Objectives:

WM1 During the construction process measures should be implemented to minimise soil removal (as part of the scheme design process), properly manage construction waste and encourage off-site prefabrication where feasible.

WM2 All new developments in the Local Area Plan lands shall provide for domestic waste separation facilities, recycling banks and compost units.

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4.15 Specific Local Objectives

The Land Use and Zoning Map provides for a number of Specific Local Objectives which need to be taken into consideration in the future planning and development of Bennettsbridge. These are as follows:

SO1 Any future residential development in this area needs to be subject to detailed flood risk assessment carried out by a suitably qualified engineer. New housing in this area shall be of very low density and shall not be in excess of 3 units in total.

SO2 To provide for a new children’s playground in a suitable location.

SO3 To provide for a new linear park along the existing stream and on the fields either side of the stream (as per the Open Space Zoning).

SO4 Any new housing development on these lands shall address the existing stream and proposed new linear park to give passive supervision to the park and in the interest of good design to provide for an ‘urban edge’ to the park.

SO5 To provide an upgrade of the existing sewage treatment plant to a new specification as a Secondary Treatment Plant with a ca. 2,000 Population Equivalent.

SO6 To provide for a new picnic area in this approximate location in line with the upgrades to be carried out to the river walkway.

SO7 It is a policy of Kilkenny County Council that improved pedestrian facilities shall be provided over the river Nore at Bennettsbridge. Any such proposal will need to have full regard to the status of the existing bridge which is a Protected Structure, the cSAC status of the River Nore and the designation of the overall area as an Architectural Conservation Area.